VIROLOGY (ADRE)

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VIROLOGY @ADRE

 Here are **20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs)** related to virology, along with their EXPLANATION


VIROLOGY 


1. **Who is considered the father of Virology?**

   - a) Martinus Beijerinck

   - b) Dmitri Ivanovsky

   - c) John Ellerman

   - d) Frederick Twort

   - **Answer: a) Martinus Beijerinck**

   - Explanation: Martinus Beijerinck is credited with discovering viruses and is often referred to as the father of virology¹.


2. **What is the study of viruses called?**

   - a) Bacteriology

   - b) Virology

   - c) Mycology

   - d) Phycology

   - **Answer: b) Virology**

   - Explanation: Virology is the scientific discipline that focuses on the study of viruses.


3. **Who discovered viruses?**

   - a) John Ellerman

   - b) Frederick Twort

   - c) Dmitri Ivanovsky

   - d) Martinus Beijerinck

   - **Answer: c) Dmitri Ivanovsky**

   - Explanation: Dmitri Ivanovsky was the first to describe filterable agents (viruses) that could pass through bacterial filters.


4. **What is the most common capsid shape of viruses?**

   - a) Cone

   - b) Icosahedron

   - c) Cube

   - d) Rod

   - **Answer: b) Icosahedron**

   - Explanation: Icosahedral capsids are the most common shape among viruses.


5. **Which phase determines the specificity of a virus?**

   - a) Uncoating

   - b) Release

   - c) Attachment

   - d) Penetration

   - **Answer: c) Attachment**

   - Explanation: Attachment to host cells determines the specificity of virus-host interactions.


6. **Which virus has virions with internal lipid membranes?**

   - a) Ebola virus

   - b) Iridovirus

   - c) Rabies virus

   - d) Influenza virus

   - **Answer: d) Influenza virus**

   - Explanation: Influenza virus particles have lipid envelopes.


7. **Which family does the Measles virus belong to?**

   - a) Flaviviridae

   - b) Bunyaviridae

   - c) Filoviridae

   - d) Paramyxoviridae

   - **Answer: d) Paramyxoviridae**

   - Explanation: Measles virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family.


8. **Which organelle prevents the entry of viruses in plant cells?**

   - a) Cell wall

   - b) Golgi bodies

   - c) Plasma membrane

   - d) Mitochondria

   - **Answer: a) Cell wall**

   - Explanation: The cell wall acts as a barrier against virus entry in plant cells.


9. **Which virus is spread by arthropods?**

   - a) HIV

   - b) Influenza virus

   - c) Arbovirus

   - d) Rhinovirus

   - **Answer: c) Arbovirus**

   - Explanation: Arboviruses are transmitted by arthropods like mosquitoes and ticks.


10. **Which virus is best known for latent infections?**

    - a) Herpesvirus

    - b) Poliovirus

    - c) HIV

    - d) Rhinovirus

    - **Answer: a) Herpesvirus**

    - Explanation: Herpesviruses establish latent infections in their hosts.


11. **Which virus causes chickenpox?**

 - a) Measles virus

 - b) Varicella-zoster virus

 - c) Rubella virus

 - d) Mumps virus

 - **Answer: b) Varicella-zoster virus**

 - Explanation: The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox during the initial infection and shingles during reactivation.


12. **What is the primary target of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?**

 - a) Liver cells

 - b) T lymphocytes (CD4+ cells)

 - c) Red blood cells

 - d) Neurons

 - **Answer: b) T lymphocytes (CD4+ cells)**

 - Explanation: HIV primarily infects and destroys CD4+ T cells, weakening the immune system.


13. **Which virus is responsible for the common cold?**

 - a) Rhinovirus

 - b) Coronavirus

 - c) Adenovirus

 - d) Parainfluenza virus

 - **Answer: a) Rhinovirus**

 - Explanation: The most frequent cause of the common cold is rhinoviruses.


14. **Which virus is associated with cervical cancer?**

 - a) Herpes simplex virus

 - b) Human papillomavirus (HPV)

 - c) Hepatitis B virus

 - d) Epstein-Barr virus

 - **Answer: b) Human papillomavirus (HPV)**

 - Explanation: Certain strains of HPV are linked to cervical cancer.


15. **Which virus is responsible for infectious mononucleosis (mono)?**

 - a) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

 - b) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

 - c) Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

 - d) Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

 - **Answer: a) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)**

 - Explanation: EBV causes infectious mononucleosis, commonly known as mono.


16. **Which virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and causes dengue fever?**

 - a) Zika virus

 - b) Chikungunya virus

 - c) Dengue virus

 - d) Yellow fever virus

 - **Answer: c) Dengue virus**

 - Explanation: Dengue virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and causes dengue fever.


17. **Which virus is responsible for the deadly Ebola virus disease?**

 - a) Marburg virus

 - b) Lassa virus

 - c) Ebola virus

 - d) Hantavirus

 - **Answer: c) Ebola virus**

 - Explanation: The Ebola virus causes severe hemorrhagic fever.


18. **Which virus is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients?**

 - a) Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)

 - b) Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)

 - c) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

 - d) Human papillomavirus (HPV)

 - **Answer: a) Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)**

 - Explanation: HHV-8 is linked to Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients.


19. **Which virus causes mumps?**

 - a) Measles virus

 - b) Rubella virus

 - c) Mumps virus

 - d) Influenza virus

 - **Answer: c) Mumps virus**

 - Explanation: The mumps virus causes mumps, characterized by swollen salivary glands.


20. **Which virus is responsible for the deadly Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)?**

 - a) SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

 - b) MERS-CoV

 - c) H1N1 influenza virus

 - d) Hantavirus

 - **Answer: b) MERS-CoV**

 - Explanation: MERS-CoV causes MERS, a severe respiratory illness.


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